Violent clashes continued in Ethiopia as the relatives of dozens killed during a protest on Sunday flocked to the scene of the deaths, creating further tension.

The government says 52 people are confirmed to have died as police dispersed the crowd at a huge religious festival in Bishoftu, in the Oromia region. 

Officials say anti-government protesters were chanting and throwing projectiles at a stage where religious leaders were speaking, and that those who died were crushed to death in a stampede trying to flee police tear gas and guns fired in the air.

But a local doctor says the death toll as likely to be more than 100, and that the stampede was worsened by special forces personnel driving at the crowd with pick-up trucks and armoured vehicles.

As many as 200 people are reported to have been arrested in the wake of the crush, only adding to the unrest in the region which has festered since November 2015.

"Some people tried to come out en masse this morning to protest the deaths of holiday-goers on Sunday and also demand the release of people arrested during the celebrations," Nimona Negash, a tuk-tuk driver in Bishoftu, told the Associated Press.

Speaking on Monday afternoon, he said he was not aware of any further deaths, but the police are reported to be using live ammunition in a bid to restore order.

“Today's protesters were peaceful but dispersed by police violently. I'm not aware of any deaths this morning, but it was violent. But I'm aware of live bullets used this morning in other vicinities of this town,” he said.

Many of those who died appear to have fallen into large ditches, and the effort to recover bodies from the scene continued well into Monday.

Speaking to Bloomberg, Dr Fedesa Mengesha said that of the 50 bodies he alone had personally examined, none had died from bullet wounds.

“Around 100 people died and some people are saying there are also a lot of people buried under water,” he said. “We are expecting more.”

Crowds had gathered in Bishoftu to celebrate the annual Irrecha thanksgiving in the town, 27 miles from the capital Addis Ababa.

The head of the Oromia region's spokesman's office, Fikadu Tessema, accused some protest groups of trying to "continue the violence that they orchestrated on Sunday".

He said they were trying to portray the stampede as caused by live bullets fired by government forces.