From: Berhane Habtemariam (Berhane.Habtemariam@gmx.de)
Date: Sun Aug 16 2009 - 07:34:07 EDT
ANALYSIS-Frustrated Darfur activists slam US envoy Gration
Sun Aug 16, 2009 5:00am GMT
* Activists: Gration strategy extends 'reign of terror'
* Obama adminstration also criticized for unclear strategy
* Envoy wants to revive talks with all sides
By Louis Charbonneau
UNITED NATIONS, Aug 16 (Reuters) - Frustrated by the world's failure to end
the humanitarian crisis in Sudan's western Darfur region, some advocacy
groups have turned on the new U.S. envoy, accusing him of helping Khartoum
thwart peace.
The unusual public censure highlights a growing divide on Darfur. One side
are those who feel more engagement with -- and less criticism of -- Khartoum
is needed to end the suffering in Darfur. On the other are those who support
more pressure, more sanctions and possibly military action if Sudan blocks
efforts to secure peace in the region.
The Darfur conflict has been going on for more than six years. The United
Nations says as many as 300,000 people have died since 2003, compared to
Khartoum's official death toll of 10,000. The world body also says some 4.7
million people in Darfur rely on aid to survive.
In an open letter to U.S. President Barack Obama's special envoy to Sudan,
retired Air Force General Scott Gration, actress Mia Farrow and other
activists said that Gration's strategy with Sudan was prolonging the crisis.
"We believe that your conciliatory stance and reluctance to criticize
(Khartoum) both excuses and emboldens (it), thereby facilitating its ongoing
reign of terror and well-known strategy of 'divide and rule,'" the letter
said.
Gration has advocated loosening some U.S. sanctions against Sudan to enable
Washington to deliver development aid to southern Sudan ahead of a 2011
referendum, after which it is expected to split from the north. He also has
said there was nothing to justify keeping Sudan on the U.S. terror
blacklist.
Gration says he needs to engage the governments of north and south Sudan,
rebel groups and other key parties to revive the stalled Darfur peace talks
and to ensure the north-south civil war does not erupt again. But he also
supports keeping up the pressure -- including most sanctions -- on Khartoum.
John Prendergast, co-founder of the Enough Project, an anti-genocide group,
also was critical of Gration. He described his deep disappointment at what
he felt has been the Obama adiministration's failure -- through Gration --
to take the tough line on Sudan that Obama supported as a U.S. senator.
"It is shocking to all of us (activists) to see what has transpired over the
last couple of months publicly," he told Reuters in an interview. "And
frankly it is shocking to the people of Darfur and southern Sudan."
U.S. POLICY REVIEW
Not all activists focused their criticism on Gration.
Jerry Fowler, president of the Save Darfur Coalition, an umbrella
organization for more than 180 groups, said the real problem was how long it
was taking the Obama administration to decide what to do about Sudan.
"General Gration is not the issue so much as the administration's failure to
finish the policy review and make clear what their strategy for Sudan is,"
he told Reuters.
The results of a sweeping U.S. government policy review on Sudan are
expected to be released soon, possibly this month. U.N. diplomats and
analysts say the United States is the key player on Sudan and can offer as
an incentive something the Sudanese really want -- normal relations with
Washington.
The United Nations participates in a joint U.N.-African Union peacekeeping
mission in Darfur that has been slow to deploy because of bureaucratic
obstacles created by Khartoum and lack of military hardware. But Washington,
and not the U.N., may hold the key to peace in Sudan, the diplomats say.
Prendergast said that in the "vacuum" created by the delay of the policy
review Gration has adopted a strategy of "constructive engagement" with
Khartoum, similar to the U.S. approach to apartheid South Africa when Ronald
Reagan was president. But he said Gration had done so without a mandate.
He also criticized Gration for not publicly describing Darfur as"genocide"
as Obama himself has.
In a recent interview with Reuters, Gration said he has been reaching out to
the Darfur activist community, speaking regularly with its key members. He
said he generally agreed with the activists on what they hope to achieve in
Sudan.
He cited a July 29 letter to Obama from the Save Darfur Coalition. It said
Sudan must be ordered to bring peace to Darfur, implement the 2005 peace
deal that ended a 22-year civil war between the north and south and replace
President Omar Hassan al-Bashir, who has been indicted for war crimes by the
International Criminal Court.
If Khartoum does that, the letter says "a clear process toward normalization
of relations with the U.S. will be mapped out." If not, then more sanctions
and possibly "targeted military action" should be used to save civilian
lives.
"Everything in that letter is what I'm trying to do," Gration said, adding
that it was important that the advocacy groups and U.S. government work
together on Sudan.
"This is a situation where everybody's got to be on the same team working
forward," he said.
Fabienne Hara of the International Crisis Group, an independent think-tank
that focuses on wars and conflicts, said some of the activists were "out of
touch with reality" and that Gration's decision to step up engagement with
Khartoum was a welcome and much-needed change in the U.S. approach to Sudan.
(Editing by Bill Trott)
C Thomson Reuters 2009 All rights reserved
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